ABSTRACT
The artificial lighting condition in which humans are exposed have been proven as a harmful factor on their well-being, which is regulated mainly by circadian rhythm. Especially since the COVID-19 pandemic, where external factors forced the society to adapt into new standards when it comes to their jobs and regular activities, lockdowns and work-from-home made most people start spending a portion of their life exposed to artificial sources of light. Technological advances have made lights more efficient and improved their intensity. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs), for example, generally produce high-intensity bluish tone light, which may affect the circadian rhythm. However, it is possible to create lighting systems able to vary the intensity and correlated color temperature (CCT) of the lighting. This work proposes a lighting system that allows adjusting the intensity and CCT of light via remote control on a smartphone application synchronized with time, following a pattern that aims avoid the undesirable artificial lighting effects on circadian rhythm. Using two LED arrays containing 10 LEDs each, suitable results were reached, presenting maximum difference of 3.35 % for CCT and 5.57 % for luminous flux in comparison with reference values.
ABSTRACT
Distribution networks have undergone a series of changes, with the insertion of distributed energy resources, such as distributed generation, energy storage systems, and demand response, allowing the consumers to produce energy and have an active role in distribution systems. Thus, it is possible to form microgrids. From the active grid’s point of view, it is necessary to plan the operation considering the distributed resources and the microgrids connected to it, aiming to ensure the maintenance of grid economy and operational safety. So, this paper presents the proposition of a hierarchical model for planning the daily operation of active distribution grids with microgrids. In this case, the entire grid operation is optimized considering the results from the microgrid optimization itself. If none of the technical constraints, for example voltage levels, are reached, the grid is optimized, however, if there are some violations in the constraints feedback is sent to the internal microgrid optimization to be run again. Several scenarios are evaluated to verify the iteration among the controls in a coordinated way allowing the optimization of the operation of microgrids, as well as of the distribution network. A coordinated and hierarchical operation of active distribution networks with microgrids, specifically when they have distributed energy resources allocated and operated in an optimized way, results in a reduction in operating costs, losses, and greater flexibility and security of the whole system.
ABSTRACT
Evaluating the success of a public health campaign is critical. It helps policy makers to improve prevention strategies and close existing gaps. For instance, Brazil's "Syphilis No!" campaign reached many people, but how do we analyze its real impact on population awareness? Are epidemiologic variables sufficient? This study examined literature on using of information technology approaches to analyze the impact of public health campaigns. We began the systematic review with 276 papers and narrowed it down to 17, which analyzed campaigns. In addition to epidemiological variables, other types of variables of interest included: level of (i) access to the campaign website, (ii) subject knowledge and awareness, based on questionnaires, (iii) target population's interest, measured from both online search engine and engagement with Social Network Service, and (iv) campaign exposure through advertising, using data from television commercials. Furthermore, we evaluated the impact by considering several dimensions such as: communication, epidemiology, and policy enforcement. Our findings provide researchers with an overview of various dimensions, and variables-of-interest, for measuring public campaign impact, and examples of how and which campaigns have used them.